300-740 Dumps with Practice Exam Questions Answers

To enforce both user-based and device-based authentication on Cisco ASA, the tunnel group must include the command: authentication aaa certificate. This configuration requires that both a valid username/password (authenticated via AAA, such as Active Directory) and a trusted certificate (device identity) are present before allowing VPN access. Without this directive, only username/password credentials are validated, which leads to the scenario described in the question.

When configuring Cisco Umbrella to block all traffic except to domains explicitly allowed (e.g., cisco.com), the “Allow-Only Mode” must be enabled. This setting overrides default behavior and ensures that only entries listed in the allow list are accessible—everything else is automatically blocked. According to SCAZT Section 1 (Cloud Security Architecture, Pages 16–19), enabling Allow-Only Mode is crucial for strict outbound DNS filtering.

Without this setting, the system allows access to all domains not explicitly blocked, which is why the engineer was able to access non-cisco.com domains despite defining an allow list.

Rule 1 is a “deny all” rule placed at the top of the access control policy. Because Cisco firewalls process rules sequentially from top to bottom, Rule 1 is blocking all traffic—including RDP (Rule 2) and HTTPS (Rule 3). To allow specific traffic, the “deny all” catch-all rule should be placed last so that the specific allow rules are evaluated first.

SCAZT Section 3 (Network and Cloud Security, Pages 69–74) discusses rule hierarchy and clearly states that allow rules must precede any general deny policies to ensure intended traffic is matched correctly. This best practice is essential when dealing with multi-cloud access control.

Rule 3 denies all DNS traffic from the subnet 10.1.0.0/30, which includes the client at 10.1.0.6. Since DNS resolution is required to resolve www.salesforce.com, this DNS deny rule is preventing the client from obtaining the IP address needed for HTTPS connection. Removing Rule 3 allows DNS traffic from the client, while Rule 4 permits it specifically for the 4.4.4.4 DNS server.

As per SCAZT Section 3: Network and Cloud Security (Pages 70–73), DNS resolution must be allowed before HTTPS connectivity is attempted. Rule priority and traffic dependency should always be considered in firewall design.

According to the SCAZT documentation, web application firewalls (WAFs) designed to protect against zero-day Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks leverage adaptive and behavioral-based algorithms. These algorithms dynamically analyze traffic patterns, baseline normal behavior, and detect anomalies that could indicate novel or zero-day attacks. Unlike signature-based detection, adaptive and behavioral methods adjust in real-time to emerging threats, learning from ongoing traffic without relying on pre-defined rules. This proactive approach enables rapid detection and mitigation of unknown DDoS vectors, critical for cloud and network security where threats evolve constantly.