Vault-Associate Dumps with Practice Exam Questions Answers

The command shown in the image is:

vault token create -policy=approle -orphan -period=60h

This command creates a new token with the following characteristics:

• It has the policy “approle” attached to it, which grants or denies access to certain paths and operations in Vault according to the policy rules. The policy can be defined by using the vault policy write command or the sys/policy API endpoint12.
• It is an orphan token, which means it has no parent token and it will not be revoked when its parent token is revoked. Orphan tokens can be useful for creating long-lived tokens that are not affected by the token hierarchy3.
• It has a period of 60 hours, which means it has a renewable TTL of 60 hours. This means that the token can be renewed indefinitely as long as it does not go past the 60-hour mark from the last renewal time. The token’s TTL will be reset to 60 hours upon each renewal. Periodic tokens are useful for creating tokens that have a fixed lifetime and can be easily revoked4.

References: [1]1, [2]2, 3(https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/secrets/kv),  4(https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/secrets/kv)

Secrets engines are components that store, generate, or encrypt data in Vault. They are enabled at a specific path in Vault and have their own API and configuration. Some of the statements that describe the secrets engines in Vault are:

• Some secrets engines simply store and read data, such as the key/value secrets engine, which acts like an encrypted Redis or Memcached. Other secrets engines perform more complex operations, such as generating dynamic credentials, encrypting data, issuing certificates, etc1.
• You can build your own custom secrets engine by using the plugin system, which allows you to write and run your own secrets engine as a separate process that communicates with Vault over gRPC. You can also use the SDK to create your own secrets engine in Go and compile it into Vault2.
• Each secrets engine is isolated to its path, which means that the secrets engine cannot access or interact with other secrets engines or data outside its path. The path where the secrets engine is enabled can be customized and can have multiple segments. For example, you can enable the AWS secrets engine at aws/ or aws/prod/ or aws/dev/3.

The statements that are not true about the secrets engines in Vault are:

• You can disable an existing secrets engine by using the vault secrets disable command or the sys/mounts API endpoint. When a secrets engine is disabled, all of its secrets are revoked and all of its data is deleted from the storage backend4.
• A secrets engine can be enabled at multiple paths, with a few exceptions, such as the system and identity secrets engines. Each secrets engine enabled at a different path is independent and isolated from others. For example, you can enable the KV secrets engine at kv/ and secret/ and they will not share any data3.

References: 1(https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/secrets),  2(https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/secrets),  3(https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/secrets),  4(https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/secrets)

The statement is false. An organization can authenticate an AWS EC2 virtual machine with Vault to access a dynamic database secret using more than one authentication method. The AWS auth method is one of the options, but not the only one. The AWS auth method supports two types of authentication: ec2 and iam. The ec2 type uses the signed EC2 instance identity document to authenticate the EC2 instance. The iam type uses the AWS Signature v4 algorithm to sign a request to the sts:GetCallerIdentity API and authenticate the IAM principal. However, the organization can also use other auth methods that are compatible with EC2 instances, suchas AppRole, JWT/OIDC, or Kubernetes. These methods require the EC2 instance to have some sort of identity material, such as a role ID, a secret ID, a JWT token, or a service account token, that can be used to authenticate to Vault. The identity material can be provisioned to the EC2 instance using various mechanisms, such as user data, metadata service, or cloud-init scripts. The choice of the auth method depends on the use case, the security requirements, and the trade-offs between convenience and control. References: AWS - Auth Methods | Vault | HashiCorp Developer, AppRole - Auth Methods | Vault | HashiCorp Developer, JWT/OIDC - Auth Methods | Vault | HashiCorp Developer, Kubernetes - Auth Methods | Vault | HashiCorp Developer

Orphan tokens are tokens that are root of their own token tree. This means that they do not have any parent token associated with them, and they do not expire when their parent token expires. Orphan tokens are useful for scenarios where you need a short-lived and independent token, such as for testing or debugging purposes. Orphan tokens can also be used to create temporary access tokens for applications or services that need to communicate with Vault without using a long-lived root token. References: Tokens | Vault | HashiCorp Developer, Vault cli: how to create orphan token with role - HashiCorp Discuss

To give a role the ability to display or output all of the end points under the /secrets/apps/* end point, it would need to have the list capability set. The list capability allows a role to perform any operation on any path in Vault, including reading, writing, deleting, and listing. The list capability is required for roles that need to access sensitive data or perform administrative tasks in Vault. The other capabilities are not relevant for this scenario, as they only allow specific operations on specific paths or secrets engines. References: Policies | Vault | HashiCorp Developer, token capabilities - Command | Vault | HashiCorp Developer