IP options are exception traffic

Packets addressed to the chassis, such as routing protocol updates, Telnet sessions, pings, traceroutes, and

replies to traffic sourced from the RE;

• IP packets with the IP options field (options in the packet’s IP header are rarely seen, but the PFE was purposely

designed not to handle IP options; packets with IP options must be sent to the RE for processing); and

• Traffic that requires the generation of Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) messages.

According to the Juniper Networks JNCIA-Junos Study Guide, "Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) is the IPv6 equivalent of ARP in IPv4. It is responsible for learning a neighbor's link-layer address and determining the reachability of a neighboring device."

Ref: show interfaces | Junos OS | Juniper Networks

“show interfaces

…

Sample Output

…

show interfaces terse

user@host> show interfaces terse

Interface Admin Link Proto Local Remote

ge-0/0/0 up up

ge-0/0/0.0 up up inet 10.209.4.61/18

gr-0/0/0 up up

…”

The forwarding routing instance type is used for filter-based forwarding applications, such as policy-based routing and traffic engineering. This type of routing instance is used when the routing table needs to contain more detailed information than what is available in the default routing table. According to the Juniper Networks Technical Certification Program (JNTCP) documents[1], the forwarding routing instance type is used for filter-based forwarding applications.

UID is optional (it is automatically set) whereas class is required:https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/user-access/topics/topic-map/junos-os-user-accounts.html

The Routing Engine is the brain of the platform. It is responsible for performing protocol updates and system management. The Routing Engine runs various protocol and management software processes that reside inside a protected memory environment.

https://www.coursera.org/lecture/juniper-automation-xml/junos-os-basic-design-architecture-T3hpf#:~:text=The%20Routing%20Engine%20is%20the,inside%20a%20protected%20memory%20environment .

The transport layer is responsible for ensuring the reliable delivery of data between applications running on different devices. It provides two main functions:

B. Segmentation: The transport layer is responsible for dividing large data payloads into smaller segments that can be transmitted over the network. This allows for better utilization of network resources and improved reliability, as errors in transmission can be detected and corrected more easily.

C. Flow control: The transport layer is also responsible for managing the flow of data between the sender and receiver. It monitors the receiving device's buffer capacity to ensure that it is not overwhelmed by incoming data, and can adjust the rate at which data is transmitted accordingly. This helps to prevent data loss and ensure the efficient use of network resources.

These two functions are crucial for ensuring the reliable delivery of data in a network and are provided by protocols such as TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol).

Ref: Stateless Firewall Filter Overview | Junos OS | Juniper Networks

“Stateless Firewall Filter Overview

…

Data Packet Flow Control

To control the flow of data packets transiting the device as the packets are being forwarded from a source to a destination, you can apply stateless firewall filters to the input or output of the router’s or switch’s physical interfaces.

…”

[edit]

user@router#

In which mode is the system currently operating, as shown in the exhibit?

A. operational mode

B. UNIX shell

C. configuration mode

D. single-user mode

Answer: C

Ref: Overview of the Configure Command | Junos OS | Juniper Networks

“Overview of the Configure Command

…

How to Use the configure Command

…

Use the configure command to enter CLI configuration mode.

If other users are in configuration mode, the message displayed indicates who the users are and what portion of the configuration each person is viewing or editing.

user@host> configure

Entering configuration mode

Current configuration users:

root terminal p3 (pid 1088) on since 2018-05-13 01:03:27 EDT

[edit interfaces so-3/0/0 unit 0 family inet]

The configuration has been changed but not committed

[edit]

user@host#

…”

https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/user-access/topics/topic-map/junos-os-authentication-order.html