NSE7_ZTA-7.2 Dumps with Practice Exam Questions Answers

Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) is a security model that follows the philosophy of “never trust, always verify” and does not assume any implicit trust for any entity within or outside the network perimeter. ZTA is based on a set of core principles that guide its implementation and operation. According to the NIST SP 800-207, the three core principles of ZTA are:

A. Verify and authenticate. This principle emphasizes the importance of strong identification and authentication for all types of principals, including users, devices, and machines. ZTA requires continuous verification of identities and authentication status throughout a session, ideally on each request. It does not rely solely on traditional network location or controls. This includes implementing modern strong multi-factor authentication (MFA) and evaluating additional environmental and contextual signals during authentication processes.

D. Least privilege access. This principle involves granting principals the minimum level of access required to perform their tasks. By adopting the principle of least privilege access, organizations can enforce granular access controls, so that principals have access only to the resources necessary to fulfill their roles and responsibilities. This includes implementing just-in-time access provisioning, role-based access controls (RBAC), and regular access reviews to minimize the surface area and the risk of unauthorized access.

E. Assume breach. This principle assumes that the network is always compromised and that attackers can exploit any vulnerability or weakness. Therefore, ZTA adopts a proactive and defensive posture that aims to prevent, detect, and respond to threats in real-time. This includes implementing micro-segmentation, end-to-end encryption, and continuous monitoring and analytics to restrict unnecessary pathways, protect sensitive data, and identify anomalies and potential security events.

References :=

• 1: Understanding Zero Trust principles - AWS Prescriptive Guidance
• 2: Zero Trust Architecture - NIST

 With the increase in IoT devices, enterprises face many challenges in securing and managing their network and data. Two of the most significant challenges are:

• Unpatched vulnerabilities in IoT devices (Option C): IoT devices are often vulnerable to cyber attacks due to their increased exposure to the internet and their limited computing resources. Some of the security challenges in IoT include weak password protection, lack of regular patches and updates, insecure interfaces, insufficient data protection, and poor IoT device management12. Unpatched vulnerabilities in IoT devices can allow hackers to exploit them and compromise the network or data. For example, the Mirai malware infected IoT devices by using default credentials and created a massive botnet that launched DDoS attacks on internet services2.
• Achieving full network visibility (Option D): IoT devices can generate a large amount of data that needs to be collected, processed, and analyzed. However, many enterprises lack the tools and capabilities to monitor and manage the IoT devices and data effectively. This can result in poor performance, inefficiency, and security risks. Achieving full network visibility means having a clear and comprehensive view of all the IoT devices, their status, their connectivity, their data flow, and their potential threats. This can help enterprises optimize their network performance, ensure data quality and integrity, and detect and prevent any anomalies or attacks3.

References := 1: Challenges in Internet of things (IoT) - GeeksforGeeks 2: Top IoT security issues and challenges (2022) – Thales 3: 7 challenges in IoT and how to overcome them - Hologram

NGFW stands for Next-Generation Firewall, which is a network security device that provides advanced features beyond the traditional firewall, such as application awareness, identity awareness, threat prevention, and integration with other security tools. ZTA stands for Zero Trust Architecture, which is a security model that requires strict verification of the identity and context of every request before granting access to network resources. ZTA assumes that no device or user can be trusted by default, even if they are connected to a corporate network or have been previously verified.

In a ZTA deployment, NGFW can perform two functions:

• Acts as segmentation gateway: NGFW can act as a segmentation gateway, which is a device that separates different segments of the network based on security policies and rules. Segmentation can help isolate and protect sensitive data and applications from unauthorized or malicious access, as well as reduce the attack surface and contain the impact of a breach. NGFW can enforce granular segmentation policies based on the identity and context of the devices and users, as well as the applications and services they are accessing. NGFW can also integrate with other segmentation tools, such as software-defined networking (SDN) and microsegmentation, to provide a consistent and dynamic segmentation across the network.
• Device discovery and profiling: NGFW can also perform device discovery and profiling, which are processes that identify and classify the devices that are connected to the network, as well as their attributes and behaviors. Device discovery and profiling can help NGFW to apply the appropriate security policies and rules based on the device type, role, location, health, and activity. Device discovery and profiling can also help NGFW to detect and respond to anomalous or malicious devices that may pose a threat to the network.

References: =

Some possible references for the answer and explanation are:

What is a Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW)? | Fortinet : What is Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA)? | Fortinet : Zero Trust Architecture Explained: A Step-by-Step Approach : The Most Common NGFW Deployment Scenarios : Sample Configuration for Post vWAN Deployment

Based on the exhibit showing the status of the hr endpoint, the true statement about this endpoint is:

• D. The endpoint has been marked at risk: The "w" next to the host status for the 'hr' endpoint typically denotes a warning, indicating that the system has marked it as at risk due to some security policy violations or other concerns that need to be addressed.

The other options do not align with

the provided symbol "w" in the context of FortiNAC:

• A. The endpoint is a rogue device: If the endpoint were rogue, we might expect a different symbol, often indicating a critical status or alarm.
• B. The endpoint is disabled: A disabled status is typically indicated by a different icon or status indicator.
• C. The endpoint is unauthenticated: An unauthenticated status would also be represented by a different symbol or status indication, not a "w".

 FortiNAC uses SNMP or CLI to communicate with network devices such as routers and switches. To add a Layer 3 router to its inventory, FortiNAC needs to have SNMP or CLI access to the router to perform remote tasks such as polling, VLAN assignment, and port shutdown. Without SNMP or CLI access, FortiNAC cannot manage the router or its ports. Therefore, SNMP or CLI access is a prerequisite for adding a Layer 3 router to FortiNAC’s inventory. References := https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortinac/9.4.0/administration-guide/105927/inventory

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortinac/9.4.0/administration-guide/344098/l3-polling