In OpenStack networks, it is possible to share networks with other projects7. Also, it is possible to enable DHCP for a subnet in an OpenStack network7. References from Juniper site: OpenStack Documentation

OS-level virtualization requires less duplication of hardware resources. This method allows multiple instances of an operating system or multiple different operating systems to run on a single physical server, sharing the same hardware resources. This results in more efficient use of hardware resources compared to other virtualization methods such as full virtualization or paravirtualization

contrail-k8s-kubemanager is the component in the CN2 architecture that integrates with the orchestrator (such as Kubernetes or OpenShift) to listen for changes and take action on any events affecting network resources. According to the CN2 components documentation2, contrail-k8s-kubemanager is “the interface between Kubernetes resources and Contrail resources” that “watches the kube-apiserver for changes to regular Kubernetes resources such as service and namespace and acts on any changes that affect the networking resources”. Other components in the CN2 architecture are contrail-k8s-apiserver2, which is an aggregated API server that manages all Contrail resources; cni.bin, which is a binary file that implements the Container Network Interface (CNI) specification for CN2; and contrail-vrouter-agent, which is a pod that runs on every node and communicates with the CN2 control plane to program the data plane.

OpenShift includes a preconfigured, preinstalled, and self-updating monitoring stack that provides monitoring for core platform components4. You also have the option to enable monitoring for user-defined projects4. This means OpenShift has its own monitoring framework (B) and is able to configure customized alerts (D). References from Juniper site: OpenShift Container Platform

According to the Ansible documentation4, Ansible playbooks are “automation blueprints, in YAML format, that Ansible uses to deploy and configure nodes in an inventory”. Other cloud automation tools that are mentioned in the question are Terraform, which uses HCL (HashiCorp Configuration Language) or JSON files to provision infrastructure resources; Python, which is a general-purpose programming language that can be used for various automation tasks; and Heat, which is an orchestration service for OpenStack that uses HOT (Heat Orchestration Template) or CFN (AWS CloudFormation) formats to describe stacks of cloud resources.

To run a container in a Kubernetes environment, you should define a YAML manifest for the container and its resources2. YAML manifests are used to define Kubernetes objects, such as pods or services. These manifests describe the desired state of the system2.

 In a cloud-native microservices-based architecture, the various modules of an application communicate through application programming interface (API) calls5. Each service is autonomous and self-contained and runs a unique process6. References from Juniper site: Microsoft Learn, Palo Alto Networks

In OpenStack, a role is a set of permissions that determines what actions users can perform in a given context. Roles are assigned to user-project pairs. If you want to quickly assign a specific combination of permissions to a set of users, you should create a role1. References from Juniper site: OpenStack Docs

The two primary ways used to manage objects by kubectl are imperative commands and declarative object configuration10. Imperative commands operate directly on live objects in a cluster. The user provides operations to the kubectl command as arguments or flags10. Declarative object configuration specifies the operation (create, replace, etc.), optional flags and at least one file name. The file specified must contain a full definition of the object in YAML or JSON format10.

Overlay virtual networks are virtual logical networks constructed on top of an existing network using network virtualization technologies45. They decouple network services from the physical networking and interconnection technologies on the underlay network45. Two true statements about overlay virtual networks are:

• Overlay virtual networks work well on an IP spine-and-leaf topology6. They can be created over underlay networks using network virtualization technologies4.
• Overlay virtual networks allow both Layer 2 and Layer 3 communication65. They can serve not only different services (such as multiple departments) of the same tenant but also different tenants4. References from Juniper site: Microsoft Learn, Huawei IP Encyclopedia, Network Insight

The term that identifies to which network a virtual machine interface is connected is the virtual network ID (VNID). The VNID is a unique identifier assigned to each virtual network. It is used to differentiate between different virtual networks and to ensure that each virtual machine interface is connected to the correct network.

A CN2 controller communicates with CN2 vRouters using XMPP (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) and with other CN2 controllers using BGP (Border Gateway Protocol). XMPP is used for control plane communication, while BGP is used for routing updates between controllers.

The OpenShift Assisted Installer uses one of the control plane nodes as a bootstrap node12. It also offers REST APIs for the configuration and installation12.

Based on the image description provided, the instance named ‘myvSRX’ appears to be using a custom flavor (not default) and is currently in an ‘ACTIVE’ state, which means it is running.