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L4M4 Questions and Answers

Question # 6

A company has a low gearing of 20%. This shows that the company relies on equity capital and should therefore have less difficulty coping during tough economic times. Is this statement TRUE?

A.

Yes- a low gearing ratio means the company's finances are made up of equity rather than debt

B.

Yes- a low gearing ratio shows that the business is solvent and can deal with supply chain disruptions easily

C.

No- a low gearing suggests that the company is financed by long-term debt rather than equity

D.

No- a low gearing shows you that a company isn't likely to be profitable

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Question # 7

Which of the following would you use to determine the outcome of a competitive tender? Select TWO.

A.

location

B.

distribution

C.

reputation

D.

quality

E.

price

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Question # 8

The procurement team at Grape Juice Limited often use a weighted point system when ap-praising potential suppliers. What is a disadvantage of using a weighted point system?

A.

it allows transparency

B.

it is time-consuming to create

C.

it is easy to manipulate

D.

it is hard to be objective

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Question # 9

A procurement manager has a new contract to award. They know there will be considerable interest from potential suppliers, as there are approximately twelve companies in the market. Which of the following is a benefit of using a full competitive tendering process for this new contract?

A.

All suppliers will know how much the others have bid

B.

Only the procurement manager can decide who wins

C.

All bidders will be treated equally

D.

It is a quick and informal process

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Question # 10

The procurement team at Grape Juice Limited often use a weighted point system when ap-praising potential suppliers. What is a disadvantage of using a weighted point system?

A.

it allows transparency

B.

it is time-consuming to create

C.

it is easy to manipulate

D.

it is hard to be objective

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Question # 11

Compared with single sourcing, what is a key advantage to dual or multiple sourcing? Select TWO

A.

It is easy to drive down costs

B.

There is a risk of failure to supply

C.

Economies of scale

D.

Supplier Loyalty

E.

Low risk of failure to supply

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Question # 12

Khalid is a procurement manager in the UK who is looking to source exotic fruit for a retailer. As this type of fruit doesn't grow naturally in the UK Khalid is looking at international suppliers, but is worried about variations in exchange rates. He is considering asking the suppliers to provide quotes in their local currencies. Will this reduce the risk posed to Khalid?

A.

yes- suppliers should quote in their own currencies so there is no risk to the importing company

B.

yes- when suppliers quote in local currencies you are more likely to get better prices

C.

no- quoting the prices in GBP / £ will provide Khalid with better security against cur-rency fluctuations

D.

no- prices should be quoted in GBP / £ as this will reduce the cost of imports

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Question # 13

Which of the following would you expect to find in an Invitation to Tender? Select THREE

A.

awarding body

B.

deadline(Correct)

C.

pricing schedule

D.

qualifications required

E.

risk assessments

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Question # 14

In which instance would multiple sourcing be the most applicable approach?

A.

Sourcing for the provision of a service, where close relationship management is required

B.

Sourcing a specialised, unique component where the supplier's knowledge is key

C.

Sourcing for high-cost, strategically important components

D.

Sourcing for components required at short notice

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Question # 15

Brooklyn Ltd is a manufacturer of windows and has a single sourcing relationship with their supplier of glass. What relationship style would be best suited?

A.

collaborative

B.

transactional

C.

adversarial

D.

non-critical

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Question # 16

In which circumstances would a procurement manager effectively use competitive tendering for the award of contracts?

A.

When the value of the procurement is high and special tooling is a major factor

B.

When the requirement is needed urgently and price is not the most important factor

C.

When the suppliers have technical expertise, and the value of the procurement is relatively high

D.

When the specification is likely to be continuously reviewed as the contract progresses

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Question # 17

What is the best way to prevent potential issues of conflicts of interest?

A.

do not hire family members

B.

openly declare potential conflicts

C.

do not work with suppliers who have relationships with the procurement team

D.

create a risk register

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Question # 18

Which of the following should be assessed in supplier proposals to check compliance with environmental, social, and governance (ESG) standards? Select THREE that apply.

A.

The company's criteria for make or buy decisions

B.

The financial stability of the company

C.

Procedures on intra-company trading

D.

The company’s employee working conditions

E.

The company's code of ethics

F.

The company's policy on carbon emissions

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Question # 19

Who was responsible for introducing the concept of Incoterms?

A.

United Nations Commission

B.

International Commerce Centre

C.

International Chamber of Commerce

D.

World Trade Organisation

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Question # 20

Bob works in the procurement department of a construction firm. He has been asked to procure an item for a short-term project which is considered low risk. What type of sourcing will he be completing?

A.

tactical

B.

strategic

C.

outsourcing

D.

insourcing

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Question # 21

Commodities are items which can be traded on the stock exchange. These are generally divided into four categories. What are these four categories?

A.

metals, energy, elements and agriculture

B.

fruit, vegetables, meat and dairy

C.

energy, agriculture, metals, livestock

D.

chemicals, agriculture, metals and livestock

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Question # 22

Amnesty International, Oxfam and CIPS are examples of what type of organisation?

A.

partnerships

B.

limited liability

C.

not-for-profit

D.

public limited companies

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Question # 23

Which of the following is a UK legislation concerning product safety?

A.

Enterprise Act 2002

B.

Consumer Rights Act 2015

C.

GDPR 2018

D.

Competition Act 1998

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Question # 24

What are the risks of outsourcing?

    Loss of control of a project

    Loss of assets

    Loss of future business opportunities

    Loss of private information

A.

1 and 4 only

B.

2 and 3 only

C.

3 and 4 only

D.

1 and 2 only

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Question # 25

Guillerme is a Category Manager within the procurement department of a Manufacturing company. In his Category there are 200 items he procures, and he has recently undertaken an ABC analysis of these. Which of the following items would be C category items?

A.

high value items

B.

one-off purchases

C.

tail spent

D.

strategic sourcing

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Question # 26

An organisation is keep to include Social Outcomes in it's assessment for Value for Money for a new tender. Which of the following should be considered?

A.

use of local labour to deliver the contract

B.

CO2 emissions of the supplier's delivery vehicles

C.

supplier's ESG policy

D.

accreditations such as Fair Trade

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Question # 27

Which of the following is an example of intracompany trading? Select TWO

A.

a manufacturer in the UK buys raw copper from a supplier in Chile

B.

two companies owned by the same entity conduct business

C.

two companies join together to create a new product

D.

two departments within the same company collaborate on a project

E.

cleverness

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Question # 28

Why would you use a credit score to appraise a supplier?

A.

to understand the level of risk the supplier poses to your organisation

B.

to understand if their prices reflect market value

C.

to find out how much money the supplier has in the bank

D.

to find out if the supplier has any unethical business practices

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Question # 29

Phishing is a type of fraud that is commonly associated with which industry?

A.

Agriculture

B.

Mining

C.

IT

D.

Construction

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Question # 30

What is a major benefit to using Incoterms when sourcing goods internationally?

A.

it ensures value for money

B.

it ensures ethical business practices

C.

it replaces lengthy contractual clauses

D.

it replaces the need for insurance

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Question # 31

Incoterms are divided into four main groups to follow the movement of goods covering the exporter’s premises, export and import points, and cost and risk. Which letters represent the four groups of Incoterms?

A.

E, F, C, and D

B.

E, F, B, and C

C.

B, C, F, and G

D.

A, B, C, and D

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Question # 32

A buyer has been working with their business managers on a tender. The buyer is now assessing the tender proposals from the external market. Is it good practice for the procurement buyer to makesourcing recommendations?

A.

Yes, the procurement buyer should assess and take all decisions to award the tender independently of the business managers to avoid conflict of interest

B.

No, it is a lengthy, costly, and unnecessary step for the procurement buyer to engage business managers

C.

No, the buyer's recommendations are not relevant to the final sourcing decision, which must be taken by the business managers

D.

Yes, the procurement buyer can advise on the competitive proposal but should engage with the business managers about the decision to award the tender

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Question # 33

A procurement manager who works in the public sector has received 8 submissions to a tender op-port unity that was advertised on OJEU. The average price submission for the contract was £1m but one supplier has submitted a price of £200,000, which the procurement manager has identified as being 'an abnormally low tender'. What should be the procurement manager's course of action?

A.

automatically dismiss the low bid

B.

award the contract to the low bid as this represents better value for money

C.

investigate the low bid

D.

award the bid a 0 for price

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Question # 34

Which of the following factors are typically considered when assessing a supplier's financial capacity?

A.

The supplier’s profitability and asset levels

B.

The price quoted in the request for quotation

C.

The supplier’s costing methods and markup percentage

D.

The supplier’s compliance with regulations for minimum wages

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Question # 35

Phishing is a type of fraud that is commonly associated with which industry?

A.

Agriculture

B.

Mining

C.

IT

D.

Construction

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Question # 36

What are some of the benefits of conducting unscheduled supplier audits? Select TWO that apply.

A.

Unscheduled audits significantly reduce costs compared to scheduled visits

B.

Unscheduled audits help to achieve an unbiased assessment

C.

Unscheduled audits help to identify non-compliance issues

D.

Unscheduled audits increase the risk of providing misinformation

E.

Unscheduled audits are more time-efficient than scheduled audits

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Question # 37

Tendering is a more formal and regimented process than sending out requests for quotations. Which of the following are services that are often put out to tender? Select THREE.

A.

security

B.

consultancy

C.

provision of raw materials

D.

office supplies

E.

cleaning

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Question # 38

If a company is concerned with ethical sourcing and has concerns about issues such as corruption and modern day slavery within the supply chain, what course of action should they take?

A.

Only work with known suppliers

B.

Complete Due-Diligence on all new suppliers

C.

Only work with suppliers who have a published Anti-Slavery policy

D.

Complete formal tenders to find the best suppliers

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Question # 39

Greg is doing some research on a potential supplier and is concerned that the supplier's funding is based on long-term debts and loans. Working with this supplier therefore might bring additional risks to Greg's business. What should Greg do about his concerns?

A.

use the Return on Investment Ratio

B.

do an Acid Test

C.

work out the supplier's EBITDA

D.

work out the supplier's gearing ratio

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Question # 40

What mechanism helps buying organisations achieve a best value outcome in a tender exercise?

A.

Restricting the number of bidders

B.

Advertising requirements

C.

Providing a debrief

D.

Timetabling the process

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Question # 41

A buyer has discovered their supplier has taken the passports of some of their workforce. The supplier has offered the buyer a discount against the contract, but the discount only applies if the buyer does not report this finding. Which ethical concerns should the buyer report to the necessary stakeholders?

    Fraudulent activity

    Bribery

    Modern slavery

    Breach of confidentiality

A.

2 and 3 only

B.

1 and 3 only

C.

1 and 4 only

D.

2 and 4 only

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Question # 42

Which of the following characteristics are likely to be required within sourcing processes undertaken in the public sector?

    An emphasis on long-term supplier relationships where possible

    Maintaining service levels within value and cost parameters

    All dealings between buyers and suppliers are kept confidential

    A competitive tendering process is usually encouraged

A.

2 and 4 only

B.

1 and 2 only

C.

2 and 3 only

D.

1 and 3 only

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Question # 43

Raja is a procurement manager who is keen to gain further insight into the current marketplace and whether local suppliers are capable to provide a service he is looking to procure. He wishes to test the market before he begins a formal tender process. What should Raja do?

A.

send out a RFI

B.

send out a RFQ

C.

speak with his current suppliers

D.

conduct an open competition

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Question # 44

Which of the following is considered as part of ESG?

A.

bribery, corruption and the environment

B.

market conditions and product lifecycle

C.

liquidity, gearing and profitability

D.

economic and social governance

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Question # 45

Which of the following would you expect to find in an Invitation to Tender? Select THREE

A.

awarding body

B.

deadline(Correct)

C.

pricing schedule

D.

qualifications required

E.

risk assessments

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Question # 46

Pierre is constructing a tender for a security contract. As well as cost, he would like to ask the security companies some questions about their health and safety processes and staff qualifications. He has created several questions and weighted these so that they add up to 25. is this the correct thing to do?

A.

yes- point systems can be weighted any way a buyer choses so long as this is explained in the ITT

B.

yes- 25 is the correct weighting for quality question

C.

no- the weighting should total 10

D.

no- the weighting should total 100

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Question # 47

Credit rating agencies can assist procurement professionals. Typically, which of the following can be obtained from a credit rating agency report? Select TWO that apply.

A.

Product pricing information

B.

Payment history

C.

Financial stress score

D.

Tender submission pricing

E.

Rebate information

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Question # 48

During which stage of the procurement cycle would you remove suppliers that do not add value, or could pose a risk to the buying organisation?

A.

develop strategy

B.

supplier selection

C.

contract award

D.

asset management

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Question # 49

Henry is importing cheese from South East Asia into the UK. He is doing some research on the costs and risks of this and has discovered that the product may be considered of 'non-preferential origin'. What implications would this mean for Henry?

A.

he will require insurance

B.

the goods are subject to tariff quotas

C.

there are no duty charges or limitations

D.

the goods are banned in the UK

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Question # 50

A buyer has discovered their supplier has taken the passports of some of their workforce. The supplier has offered the buyer a discount against the contract, but the discount only applies if the buyer does not report this finding. Which ethical concerns should the buyer report to the necessary stakeholders?

    Fraudulent activity

    Bribery

    Modern slavery

    Breach of confidentiality

A.

2 and 3 only

B.

1 and 3 only

C.

1 and 4 only

D.

2 and 4 only

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Question # 51

Jack Green is planning to use competitive tendering to source a new component for a new product that the customer research department has been developing for the domestic market. Jack is intending to use an open tender process. Which of the following aspects must Jack consider if an open tender procedure is to be used?

A.

The bidders must be pre-qualified prior to invitation to tender

B.

There must be an adequate number of suppliers in the market

C.

The tender will only be advertised in marketing journals

D.

The price will be the only criterion for supplier selection

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Question # 52

It is important that buyers take an approach that is reasonable and fair when selecting suppliers to work with. Which of the following is a voluntary document which can help procurement professionals treat suppliers respectfully?

A.

EU Procurement Directive 2014

B.

CIPS Code of Conduct

C.

ISO 9001

D.

ILO is an organization

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Question # 53

Incoterms describe several aspects and responsibilities of transporting goods when sourcing internationally. Which of the following is described by Incoterms? Select THREE.

A.

which party arranges insurance

B.

what form of transportation will be used

C.

how much the transportation will cost

D.

who is responsible for making duty and tariff arrangements

E.

how long the transportation will take

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Question # 54

Jamilla is looking to find a new supplier who can deliver raw materials of wood and paper to her company Woody Manufacturing Incorporated. The requirement is for regular orders of high volume. She has issued a Request for Quotation. What will this assess the suppliers on?

A.

who can deliver the items the cheapest

B.

who can deliver the highest quality items

C.

the five rights of procurement

D.

which price is the most ethical

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Question # 55

If a commodity index shows that the price of a commodity is continually rising, what does this indicate about the market?

A.

that there is little demand in the marketplace

B.

demand is exceeding supply

C.

there is a threat of substitution

D.

the marketplace is a monopoly

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Question # 56

A buyer in the public sector has put an advert out asking for interested suppliers to express an interest in a potential tender activity to provide a facilities management contract to a hospital trust. The suppliers who have met that criteria are then sent a document detailing how they should submit their tender, how to price the opportunity, asks Questions relating to how they will deliver the service and gives a deadline for bids to be submitted. Which document have the suppliers ben sent?

A.

Request for Quotation

B.

Invitation to Tender

C.

Invitation to Quote

D.

Request for Tender

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Question # 57

What would an EBITDA ratio show you?

A.

how profitable a business is

B.

how solvent a business is

C.

how much of a business's funding is made up of long term debt

D.

how effectively a business uses its assets to generate sales

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Question # 58

Which of the following factors are typically considered when assessing a supplier's financial capacity?

A.

The supplier’s profitability and asset levels

B.

The price quoted in the request for quotation

C.

The supplier’s costing methods and markup percentage

D.

The supplier’s compliance with regulations for minimum wages

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Question # 59

Henry is importing cheese from South East Asia into the UK. He is doing some research on the costs and risks of this and has discovered that the product may be considered of 'non-preferential origin'. What implications would this mean for Henry?

A.

he will require insurance

B.

the goods are subject to tariff quotas

C.

there are no duty charges or limitations

D.

the goods are banned in the UK

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Question # 60

What course of action should be taken when an audit of a supplier identifies evidence of human rights malpractice?

A.

Immediately raise the issue with the supplier and jointly develop a timely action plan to be implemented before a repeat audit

B.

Immediately halt all orders with the supplier, make a record of the violation in the supplier database, and switch to an alternative source of supply

C.

Remove all business and inform press organisations, who will in turn bring the issue to the attention of formal governmental organisations who can take action

D.

Allow the supplier to complete current orders placed, while pursuing an alternative source to change to as soon as approved

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Question # 61

Which of the following incoterms relate specifically to transporting items over water?

A.

ex works

B.

delivered duty paid

C.

cost and freight

D.

delivered at place

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Question # 62

A buyer evaluates a supplier's ethical and social practices during the pre-qualification stage of the supplier onboarding process. Which of the following variables would trigger further follow-up activities?

A.

On discovering that trade (labour) union memberships are not permitted by the supplier in its place of work

B.

On discovering that no employees can work without agreeing to the buyer organisation's code of conduct

C.

If the supplier's employees have a good understanding of their employment rights

D.

When staff are unionised and appropriate time is provided for union activities

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Question # 63

The use of Incoterms will eliminate all risks involved in international trade transactions. Is this statement true?

A.

No, they can reduce risks but will not eliminate them

B.

No, they will only provide assurance about the quality of goods

C.

Yes, they are popular because all risks are avoided

D.

Yes, they eliminate all the risks of buying from an overseas supplier

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Question # 64

As a procurement officer for a large organisation, a supplier approaches you on social media offering to take you out for dinner to discuss a recent open opportunity and mentions a financial reward if you help them win the business. You accept the invite. Was this the right thing to do?

A.

Yes, you are free to do what you like outside of business hours

B.

No, it is not appropriate to discuss open opportunities with one provider and not another

C.

Yes, you are keen to see what is on offer as you are only on minimum wage currently and need extra money

D.

No, but you will go for the dinner and see what they offer, because it is up to you to decide if you should accept

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Question # 65

A procurement manager has a new contract to award. They know there will be considerable interest from potential suppliers, as there are approximately twelve companies in the market. Which of the following is a benefit of using a full competitive tendering process for this new contract?

A.

All suppliers will know how much the others have bid

B.

Only the procurement manager can decide who wins

C.

All bidders will be treated equally

D.

It is a quick and informal process

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